Dietitians say high-protein options address muscle loss concerns for GLP-1 users.
CLEVELAND — Major restaurant chains are overhauling their menus to accommodate the growing number of Americans taking weight loss medications, a shift that dietitians say could benefit everyone.
With one in eight Americans now using GLP-1 medications like Ozempic and Wegovy, fast food restaurants are introducing smaller portions, higher protein options and fiber-rich alternatives such as wraps instead of buns.
Cleveland Clinic registered dietitian Julia Zumpano said the changes represent a step in the right direction that’s been needed for some time.
“These big companies, these fast food restaurants are editing and now providing more healthy options,” Zumpano said. “So we have higher protein options, smaller meals and even adding some fiber to them.”
The menu modifications address a critical challenge for people taking GLP-1 medications: Maintaining muscle mass while losing weight rapidly. Zumpano explained that quick weight loss results in losing both fat and muscle, making adequate protein intake essential.
New dietary guidelines for Americans have increased protein recommendations to 1.4 to 1.6 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight. For most people, that translates to 90 to 150 grams of protein daily, though individual needs vary based on weight.
Meeting those protein targets can be difficult when appetite is suppressed. Zumpano recommends focusing on nutrient-dense foods and incorporating protein throughout the day through shakes, Greek yogurt, cottage cheese and snacks that combine protein with fiber, such as apples with almond butter.
“Appetite is low, but we need to hydrate well, so protein shakes are going to help hydration as well as meeting protein needs,” Zumpano said. “Whatever you do, you have to think protein, fiber, is there protein and fiber in this meal?”
Inadequate protein intake can lead to unwanted side effects including hair loss. The slowed gastric emptying caused by GLP-1 medications can also trigger gastrointestinal symptoms, which can be managed by planning meals accordingly.
While GLP-1 medications remain costly despite recent price reductions and new pill formulations, Zumpano noted that the dietary approach can benefit anyone. Small, frequent meals high in protein and fiber help manage appetite and blood sugar even without medication. Adequate hydration is also crucial, as most people don’t meet their fluid needs.
The dietitian addressed a trending social media diet hack involving consuming gelatin with hot water or bone broth before meals to curb appetite. While probably not harmful in moderation, Zumpano said it’s not a sustainable long-term strategy.
“Let’s focus on healthy eating. Let’s focus on small, more frequent meals. Let’s hit those protein targets, hit those fiber targets,” Zumpano said. “That alone will keep you satiated and keep your muscle mass up and keep your appetite controlled.”
She strongly recommends that people taking GLP-1 medications consult with a registered dietitian to maximize results while minimizing side effects like reflux and muscle depletion.
“The goal is not just weight loss, it’s longevity and decreasing your risk of chronic disease and a dietitian can really help with that,” Zumpano said.