Health risks of high cholesterol: High LDLC doesn’t show any symptoms; it starts accumulating in the arteries, creating blockages, leading to serious heart conditions (Image: Pexels)
It is commonly perceived that cholesterol issues are mostly experienced by older people. But this is changing with the increase in cases of younger adults suffering from high LDL cholesterol. The results often come as a surprise especially when there are no symptoms, discomfort or warning signs. This rise in prevalence reflects a lack of awareness, with a recent study highlighting that a significant 31 percent of people in India have high cholesterol.
“LDL cholesterol elevation is no longer confined to older or sedentary individuals. Even metabolically healthy, young adults with active lifestyles can exhibit high LDL-C levels. This under-recognised risk highlights the importance of initiating lipid screening from age 18,” Dr Rajat Sharma, Cardiac Electrophysiologist, Fortis Hospital, Chandigarh, told Moneycontrol.
High LDLC doesn’t show any symptoms; it starts accumulating in the arteries, creating blockages, leading to serious heart conditions. Even a few months’ delay can lead to risks that can never be fully treated by later intensifying the therapy. Elevated LDLC can accelerate plaque formation, especially in high-risk individuals, such as those with diabetes, hypertension, or a smoking history.
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Dr Ajit Menon, Director, Cardiac Sciences and Head of Department at Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai, added, “The idea that one only needs to worry about cholesterol after the age of 50 is outdated and frankly dangerous. In practice, we routinely come across patients under 40 who already have significant arterial narrowing, completely asymptomatic, but at high risk. Under-diagnosis is a primary factor behind the growing cholesterol levels in India. Regular monitoring through lipid profiles, even when there are no symptoms, is essential. There are safe and effective cholesterol-lowering therapies available. Medication, once initiated, should continue throughout. Stopping them midway or self-adjusting doses reverses all progress. With the treatment options we have today, the goal should be consistent control and a preventive mindset.”
“There are multiple factors for ischemic heart disease or developing blockages. Among them, family history is one of the strongest. These are called non-reversible risk factors. What we can control to reverse the risk of developing a blockage are basically the lifestyle, smoking, diet, alcohol intake, as well as management of the cholesterol values. Among the cholesterol values, the one that is more harmful is bad cholesterol or the LDL cholesterol. Lowering LDL cholesterol is something that we have which is within our control and we should strive to keep it within the necessitated levels in order to prevent or try to reverse existing coronary artery disease” he added.
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There are more advanced therapies available when the traditional options aren’t giving the required results. Targeted treatments, such as PCSK9 therapy, siRNA therapy, or Inclisiran, show promise in helping patients reach target LDLC levels when standard options fall short.
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Improving HDL cholesterol, known as good cholesterol, can be focused on simultaneously as it flushes excessive LDLC from the bloodstream. This requires several lifestyle changes, such as quitting a sedentary lifestyle and adopting mindful eating. It’s also important to note that having a healthy lifestyle isn’t a replacement for treatment.
Lifestyle changes need to be coupled with therapy when managing LDLC to the target range. High LDL cholesterol can be effectively managed when all aspects are taken into account. Regular check-ups every 3–6 months are needed, depending on how the numbers are faring. Therapies don’t cure high cholesterol; they are used to control it. Therefore, they must be adhered to consistently, as pausing the medication can put you back to your older levels.
FAQs on Health Risks of Bad Cholesterol:
1. What is bad cholesterol and why is it harmful?
Bad cholesterol, or LDL cholesterol, accumulates in the arteries, leading to blockages and serious heart conditions. Elevated levels can increase the risk of heart disease.
2. Can younger adults have high LDL cholesterol?
Yes, younger adults, even those with active lifestyles, can have high LDL cholesterol. Regular lipid screening starting from age 18 is recommended.
3. What are the risks of untreated high LDL cholesterol?
Untreated high LDL cholesterol can accelerate plaque formation in arteries, leading to heart disease, stroke, and other complications, especially in high-risk individuals.
4. What lifestyle changes can help manage LDL cholesterol?
Lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, adopting a healthy diet, reducing alcohol intake, and engaging in regular physical activity can help manage LDL cholesterol levels.
5. Are there advanced therapies for high LDL cholesterol?
Yes, advanced therapies like PCSK9 therapy, siRNA therapy, or Inclisiran are available for patients who do not respond to traditional cholesterol-lowering treatments.
Disclaimer: This article, including health and fitness advice, only provides generic information. Don’t treat it as a substitute for qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist for specific health diagnosis.